Conclusion - Investigator Summary Note
AXL30 was lost to propulsion battery exhaustion in flight, not to any motor, ESC, firmware, navigation or control failure.
The 12,000 mAh-rated pack was electrically empty at ~9,500-10,000 mAh: voltage fell gradually from 23.6 V at take-off,
hit the LOW failsafe at 20.29 V (8,990 mAh) and CRITICAL 40 seconds later, then collapsed to a 5.04 V floor in the final
two minutes, saturating all four motors and dropping the aircraft from ~70 m at 15.6 m/s, 3.53 km from home.
The replay above makes the accident chain visible: 52 range-correlated radio
failsafes (orange dots - none below 1.3 km) forced repeated RTL turn-backs that stretched a 3.9 km leg into
9.77 km of flying and eroded crew trust in warnings, so both battery failsafes were overridden within seconds -
removing the last two automatic recoveries. Every automated protection fired correctly; the control system held the aircraft
level to the ground. Corrective priorities: qualify and retire weak packs, activate capacity-based (mAh) failsafes, fix the
RC link range, and treat a CRITICAL-battery LAND as inviolable.